聚丙烯填料塔应用于PCB废气净化的工程实践

填料塔洗涤吸收净化工艺不单应用在化工领域 ,在低浓度工业废气净化方面也能很好地发挥作用。工程实践表明 ,合理的系统工艺和塔体设计 ,是保证净化效果的前提。在此浅述聚丙烯填料塔应用于PCB废气净化的工艺设计以及工程问题     

旋流板塔双碱法在熔化炉废气脱硫除尘中的应用

采用旋流板塔双碱法处理熔化炉废气 ,二氧化硫平均浓度从 12 5 9 5 5mg Nm3降至 43 9 90mg Nm3,烟尘从63 9 97mg Nm3降至 5 1 96mg Nm3,二氧化硫平均去降率 65 1% ,烟尘平均去除率 91 9%     

船舶烟气海水脱硫吸收塔工艺研究与设计

针对船舶烟气中SO2的处理工艺,根据烟气流量、烟气中SO2含量,从塔径、填料层类型和高度、液体喷嘴数量、除雾装置4个方面进行了相关参数设计和计算,最终给出了在现有烟气流量和含硫量条件下的船舶用海水脱硫吸收塔的具体参数.同时考虑烟气中含硫量的变化,并保证能够完全脱除烟气中的SO2,设置四排液体喷嘴,通过有限元分析软件FLUENT,根据出口处含硫量、塔内压力分布和流速分布优化了不同含硫量条件下喷嘴的启停方式.     

冒落型矿震成因机理的研究

冒落型矿震属于塌陷地震的范畴 ,其形成和演化受到区内自然因素和人为因素的作用。笔者研究了顶板冒落的前兆特征、发展过程、运动形式和致崩原因 ,探讨了冒落型矿震的成因机理 ,提出了由于地下开采引起采空区顶板冒落 ,释放能量 ,诱发矿震的观点。     

Technical modeling in integrated risk assessment of chemical installations

This paper presents the technical model of an Integrated Quantitative Risk Assessment method, taking into account management as well as technical design and producing risk level measures. The basic steps of the technical model consist in developing a Master Logic Diagram (MLD) delineating the major immediate causes of Loss of Containment and associated quantitative models for assessing their frequency. Appropriate management models quantify the parameters of the technical model on the basis of the safety management system of the installation. The methodology is exemplified through its application on the risk assessment of a LPG scrubbing tower of an oil refinery. A detailed technical model simulating the response of the system to various initiating events is developed, along with a detailed model simulating the influence of the plant-specific management and organizational practices. The overall effect is quantified through the frequency of release of LPG as a result of a Loss of Containment in scrubbing towers of the refinery.     

无色硫细菌处理含硫废水的试验研究

在升流式填料塔中,通过污泥训化产生大量的硫杆菌,从而形成稳定生物膜.采用循环单因素实验研究和分析硫化物容积负荷与溶解氧(DO)共同作用下硫化物(S2-)的去除规律、硫酸盐的生成规律以及单质硫的生成率,并对建立的模拟方程进行验证.结果表明,DO是影响反应器顺利启动和稳定运行的主要因素;同时pH值对处理效果的影响也比较大;高浓度S2-有利于其本身的去除;有机物负荷对生物除硫效果影响不大;在水力停留时间(HRT)大于30min时,除硫效果基本没有很大变化.     

生物过滤法处理污泥干化尾气

城市污水处理过程中产生大量污泥,其热干化所产生的尾气主要存在以下特点：气味属刺激性臭气,主体为各种无机、有机化合性气体;热干化过程产生的尾气含有大量的热值,容易对环境造成二次污染。关于污泥干化尾气的处理,目前国内采用的工艺并不很成熟。为了避免污泥干化尾气的二次污染,本着经济适用的原则,本文根据尾气的性质,对生物过滤法处理污泥尾气进行了研究,具体分析了原结构的不合理之处,提出了增湿塔与生物滤塔的改进性建议。     

热能喷雾处理反渗透浓盐水的实验研究

目前,反渗透废水中,高浓度的含盐量会对环境带来严重危害。本研究运用热能喷雾处理反渗透浓盐水技术,对反渗透（Reverse Osmosis,RO）出水进行处理。结果表明,该技术在热量值为4.8×106 kcal、空气流量为60 m3／h的条件下,处理效率达到了90％以上。产出的冷凝水的水质符合饮用水的相关标准;在处理量为10 L／h～12 L／h时,可达到废水零排放的效果;在处理量大于12 L／h时,排出的废水总溶解物（ Total dissolved sol-ids,TDS）很高。     

Evaluating weather effects on interannual variation in net ecosystem productivity of a coastal temperate forest landscape: A model intercomparison

Forest productivity is strongly affected by seasonal weather patterns and by natural or anthropogenic disturbances. However weather effects on forest productivity are not currently represented in inventory-based models such as CBM-CFS3 used in national forest C accounting programs. To evaluate different approaches to modelling these effects, a model intercomparison was conducted among CBM-CFS3 and four process models (ecosys, CN-CLASS, Can-IBIS and 3PG) over a 2500 ha landscape in the Oyster River (OR) area of British Columbia, Canada. The process models used local weather data to simulate net primary productivity (NPP), net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and net biome productivity (NBP) from 1920 to 2005. Other inputs used by the process and inventory models were generated from soil, land cover and disturbance records. During a period of intense disturbance from 1928 to 1943, simulated NBP diverged considerably among the models. This divergence was attributed to differences among models in the sizes of detrital and humus C stocks in different soil layers to which a uniform set of soil C transformation coefficients was applied during disturbances. After the disturbance period, divergence in modelled NBP among models was much smaller, and attributed mainly to differences in simulated NPP caused by different approaches to modelling weather effects on productivity. In spite of these differences, age-detrended variation in annual NPP and NEP of closed canopy forest stands was negatively correlated with mean daily maximum air temperature during July-September (T_amax) in all process models (R² = 0.4-0.6), indicating that these correlations were robust. The negative correlation between T_amax and NEP was attributed to different processes in different models, which were tested by comparing CO₂ fluxes from these models with those measured by eddy covariance (EC) under contrasting air temperatures (T_a). The general agreement in sensitivity of annual NPP to T_amax among the process models led to the development of a generalized algorithm for weather effects on NPP of coastal temperate coniferous forests for use in inventory-based models such as CBM-CFS3: NPP′ = NPP − 57.1 (T_amax − 18.6), where NPP and NPP′ are the current and temperature-adjusted annual NPP estimates from the inventory-based model, 18.6 is the long-term mean daily maximum air temperature during July-September, and T_amax is the mean value for the current year. Our analysis indicated that the sensitivity of NPP to T_amax was nonlinear, so that this algorithm should not be extrapolated beyond the conditions of this study. However the process-based methodology to estimate weather effects on NPP and NEP developed in this study is widely applicable to other forest types and may be adopted for other inventory based forest carbon cycle models.     

工作危害分析在轻烃站脱硫塔填料更换中的应用

运用工作危害分析对脱硫塔更换填料中的危险进行了分析,制定了相应对策,保证了施工过程的安全.